The Bay of Pigs Invasion - 1313 Words

The Bay of Pigs Invasion Background The Bay of Pigs invasion of April, 1961 is considered to be one of the unsuccessful covert military invasions of the 20th century. In 1959, the Cuban revolutionist Fidel Castro overthrew the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista through an armed conflict that lasted nearly five and a half years. Castro and his comrades were Socialists and they believed a Communist social system would better suit their nee. In order to fulfill this agenda, the new Cuban government not only nationalized properties belonging to different religious organizations, but also permanently expelled many religious figures from the country, including the bishop. Following these events, in July of 1961, Fidel Castro merged the July 26 Movement, the Peoples Socialist Party, and the March 13 Revolutionary Directorate. This was the beginning of a socialist system in a country which was previously an ally to the United States. United States government feared the improving relationships between Castros regime and the Soviet Union, especially after the nationalization of U.S. corporations Shell, Esso and Standard Oil by the Cuban government (Chadwick, 2004). The U.S government retaliated with several economic embargos, and the relationship between the two countries deteriorated to the extent of an armed conflict. Preparation Before his inauguration, John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was briefed by the Central Intelligence Agency about a covertShow MoreRelatedThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion1147 Words   |  5 PagesLouis Tullo Mrs. Forsyth U.S. History II 30 March 2016 Bay of Pigs Invasion Bays in pigs invasion is a cold war planned and fought by American president John F. Kennedy in an attempt to overthrow in early 1960’s. This came after Fidel Castro overthrew the then Cuban president Fulgencio Batista. The president was corrupt and had allies in the United States allowing the Americans to control the Cuban economy (Khan 21). The incoming Castro did the opposite by disapproving the Americans and resistedRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion2240 Words   |  9 Pagescannot change the law of nature and they know it.† stated Allen Dulles, the fifth director of the Central Intelligence Agency. The Bay of Pigs Invasion was an encounter that occurred on April 17, 1961, between Cuban exiles, armed and trained by the American Central Intelligence Agency and the military forces of Fidel Castro. With the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion the United States found itself more involved in the Cold War and experienced a new era in the military, political, and intelligen ceRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion1652 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of the Bay of Pigs Invasion was to overthrow Fidel Castro as leader of Cuba and help stabilize the Cuban government. Fidel Castro started the MR-26-7, an anti-Batista group. At the time, Batista was the so called president and he claimed to be running a disciplined democracy.The people saw this as a dictatorship takeover. Castro ran the group as a clandestine cell system with ten members in each cell and they did not know the whereabouts or activities of the other cells. He was buildingRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion1392 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 1 - The Bay of Pigs Invasion - 1961 Figure 1The above image is a primary source image of Fidel Castro (right) an infamous Cuban dictator, and Che Guevara who played a number of key roles within the Cuban government. This photo was taken in 1961, during which the Bay of Pigs Invasion took place. The photo was taken by Alberto Korda, a Cuban photographer. This photo allows us to peer into the past and see Castro presumably leading Cuban troops. There is a large possibility of bias when consideringRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bay of Pigs is an inlet of the Gulf of Cazones located approximately 97 miles southeast of Havana (Capital of Cuba). The Bay of Pigs Invasion is one of the United States biggest invasion fails in history. The invasion was meant to overthrow communist Cuba and bring Fidel Castro’s power to an end. This was obviously a fail, because as we now know, Fidel had been in power until 2008, and now his brother Raul Castro is the president. The blame for this fail is o n the Central Intelligence AgencyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Bay Of Pigs Invasion2708 Words   |  11 Pagesanalysis the Bay of Pigs invasion that occurred 17 April 1961, to use the Butterfly effect and to introduce Intelligence Platforms not utilized before and during the invasion, to suggest a alternate outcome to the invasion if these factors were applied properly or if other events never happened. The Bay of Pigs resulted in the failure to remove Fidel Castro from Power. If the CIA used Human Intelligence properly and if the U-2 Spy Plane program was not revealed to the World, the invasion may haveRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion Of Cuba1036 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba by the United States on April 17, 1961 was in the planning stages before John F. Kennedy became America s President. The plan was made by the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) during the Eisenhower years, and JFK supported the decision with modifications. Kennedy’s goal was to remove Fidel Castro from power of Cuba, cut his ties with the Soviet Union and establish a friendly government of the United States. He wanted the invasion to seem just plainly anti-CastroRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion Into Cuba2257 Words   |  10 PagesThe Bay of Pigs invasion into Cuba can be seen as one of the most important political decisions in the history of the United States. Four months after John F. Kennedy took office as the thirty fifth President of the United States, he was blamed for the failed invasion of the Bay of Pigs. The failure was due to the lack of bad advice he received and then used to put into making his decision to invade. The decisions he made showed that the United States President and his Joint Chiefs were far fromRead MoreThe Invasion Of Cuba During The Bay Of Pigs2281 Words   |  10 Pagesunsuccessful invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs, that is located on the southern coast of Cuba about 95 miles southeast of Havana, was one of miscommunication, mismanagement, and horrible execution (Bay of Pigs 378). The responsibility for the failed invasion falls right on the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) and a president by the name of John F. Kennedy. The intention of the invasion was to assault communist Cuba and put a halt to Fidel Castro. Ironically, 39 years after the Bay of Pigs, Fidel CastroRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis : The Bay Of Pigs Invasion1272 Words   |  6 PagesProceeding to the Cuban Missile Crisis, American relationships with Castro were previously tense by the Bay of Pigs invasion (196 1) where the United States made an unorthodox action towards Cuba by financing and sending insurgent Cubans to help aid in overthrowing and attacking Castro’s supporters and Castro himself0000000. The Bay of Pigs was unsuccessful. This eventual lead to Castro’s joining with communist Soviet Union and leaving Castro cautious of American plans for Cuba. Castro’s suspicions

Ranking the Key Principles of Corporate Governance

This essay will present an opinion on ranking of the key principles of corporate governance. The topic will be covered from the perspective of Australian listed companies, which are subject to regulation by the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). The ASX Corporate Governance Council defines corporate governance as â€Å"the framework of rules, relationships, systems and processes within and by which authority is exercised and controlled in corporations† (ASX 2007 p3). The latest ASX Corporate Governance Council report (ASX 2007) articulates eight core principles, which the report states are of equal importance. Although primarily targeted at listed companies, the ASX principles are being taken into account by other types of organisations†¦show more content†¦According to the OECD reports (2008 p2 2009) â€Å"when they were put to a test, corporate governance routines did not serve their purpose to safeguard against excessive risk taking in a number of financial services companies.† This relates solely to ASX principle 7 – Recognise and manage risk. †¢ Governance of the remuneration process. Again according to the OECD reports (2008 2009) remuneration systems were not always related to the company’s strategy and risk plans, or were not in the company’s longer term interests. This relates directly to ASX principle 8 – Remunerate fairly and responsibly, plus again to principle 7 – Recognise and manage risk. †¢ Board practices. The OECD reports (2008 2009) found weaknesses in board composition, competence and consequential performance. Further, problems with the non-independence of directors and the sharing of the CEO/Chairman roles were raised. This relates to ASX principle 1 – Lay solid foundations for management and oversight, and principle 2 – Structure the board to add value. †¢ The exercise of shareholder rights. The OECDs report (2008 2009) stated that companies should engage with their shareholders better and encourage more shareholder to vote. A concern about the increasing power of institutional investors was raised. This relates to ASX principle 6 – Respect the rights of shareholders. Whilst it is true thatShow MoreRelatedThe Securing Of Data And Information1727 Words   |  7 PagesHenceforth, there has been both an emergence and shift from traditional crime to cyber and-or corporate crime. Additionally, there has been a dramatic increase of cooperate internal crime within the business environment a result modern sophisticated technologies; including, highly qualified cybercriminals that constantly dwell on strategies to target businesses internally and externally. For example, corporate (IT) cybercrime most often consists of crime against an organization in which the perpetratorRead MoreThe Reason Why Time Warner And Comcast975 Words   |  4 Pagesis due to a research assignment evaluating financial foundation principles. Time Warner and Comcast are both prominent cable and communications providers. Looking at both company’s mission and vision statements, ethics policy, and ethical principles, one can discover the company corporate governance struct ure. In detail the report research will compare and contrast the company financial records, code of ethics, and search out key competitors within their industry. Time Warner | Comcast AboutRead MoreVietnam s Economic Growth On The Economy1320 Words   |  6 PagesCoteccons is re-honored for the 3rd time on the famous worldwide magazine. Moreover, this company is at a top of the construction industry in this year’s ranking. According to Forbes Vietnam, the ranking list is based on ranking methodology of its mother magazine, with consideration of local characters of listed businesses in Vietnam. The ranking list is also commented by stock experts from big investment funds. Coteccons Scope of Business (source coteccons.vn) - Construction: civil and industrialRead MoreRepresentation Of A Stakeholder From A Corporation1493 Words   |  6 Pagesstakeholders in both Germany and the United States of America. As well as how organizational units function to accomplish their given operations and mission utilizing their individual techniques. Stakeholders: Germany The European model of corporate governance requires a much greater social obligation within the realms of its major corporations, is upheld by law as well as with the social norms of the culture (Greenfield, 2012). In fact, obligation of disclosing information and always consultingRead MoreThe Legacy Of Ford s Policies1682 Words   |  7 PagesII. (â€Å"Fordism,† n.d., para. 8). Indeed, upon Ford’s death in 1947, he was acclaimed as â€Å"the man who, more than any other, had ushered in the 20th century.† (Colt, 2013). Like a wave, largely in reaction to a current economic crisis, the idealogy, governance, and policies of society have vacillated over time, as economists adopted new stances to correct the economic ills of the day. When classic liberalism, a laisse faire approach espousing freedom of the market, failed, Keynesian egalitarian liberalismRead MoreFinancial Analysis Essay5387 Words   |  22 PagesFinancial ranking and forecast 17 3.1. Financial ranking 17 3.2. Forecasted 2011 post tax profit 18 IV. Corporate Governance Structure 20 4.1. Several Essential Principles 20 4.2. The composition of the Board 20 V. Critical analysis of techniques applied in the analysis 22 VI. Conclusion 22 Bibliography 24 Appendix 1: Ratio Calculations: 27 Appendix 2: Primark’s Ratios 28 Appendix 3: Financial ratios of four companies in UK retail industry (2010) 29 Appendix 4: Ranking listedRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility And Csr1555 Words   |  7 PagesCSR Concept The following report has been prepared with a view to understand how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) works in the Brazilian market. CSR is quite a recent theme in the world, and even more in Brazil. There is not an exclusive concept accepted when it comes to the definition of CSR, (Araujo, 2006; Oliveira Claro; Pimentel Claro; Lucci, 2009). According to Passador (2002), the first CSR concept in Brazil (between businesses, society and the State) emerged with the publication of theRead MoreCritical Analysis of Reckitt Benckiser Corporate Governance Principles4065 Words   |  17 Pagessafeguard the interest of all stakeholders be implemented, especially in quoted companies as the failings of the companies had far reaching consequences. Definition and Principles While there is no definition of corporate governance which is universally accepted, it was defined by OECD (2004) Principles of Corporate Governance as the system by which companies are directed and controlled. It was also defined as a framework of rules and practices by which a board of directors ensures accountabilityRead MoreCorporate Governance And The Global Financial Crisis2813 Words   |  12 Pagesthe last few years, because the corporate scandals and collapses during the global financial crisis. Public have strong reason to believe that the apparent lack of effective boards and unnecessary executive remuneration packages have all contributed to explosion of interest in this area. Therefore, corporate governance is an area that has grown rapidly. Corporate governance is now an essential part of everyday business life. The importance of corporate governance is not only just in the UK but alsoRead MoreWealth Maximization And Corporate Social Responsibility1745 Words   |  7 PagesWealth Maximization and Corporate Social Responsibility Ebehi Onakpoma Introduction There has been a lingering argument about the legitimacy and importance of corporate responses to CSR concerns. There are diverse opinions of the role of the firm in the environment and thoughts on whether profit maximization should be the only goal of a corporation. Profit maximization is the goal of any business. It is the process by which profits (EPS) of the business are increased. In other words,

Sociological Perspective on Health for Medicine -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSociological Perspective on Health for Medicine. Answer: The Sociology of Health and Medicine in Australia started in early 20th century and it was regarded as the formative years because the independent departments of sociology were not being established in Australia until 1950s. The earliest form of sociology emerged within other departments of Australia, Workers Educational Association (WEA). The year between 1950s and 1960s experienced inter-disciplinarity and collaboration. This year also experienced an emergence of Australian Journal of Social Issues (1961) and Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology (1965). The year of late 1960s and1970s experienced intensification and organisation. This period saw the development of Melbourne based Medical Sociology Group. The year of 1980s lead to the establishment of institutional growth and specialization. During 1990s there occurred consolidation among fragmentation. Finally in between 2000 to 2010 is a special decade in sociology which leads to the internationalisation (Collyer, 2011) . As per the social model of health, health in influenced by a number of factors including individual health perspectives, interpersonal health backup, organisation backdrop, social framework, political context and other economic factors. In Australia, marginalised people who fall under the bracket of the low socio-economic community have shorter life span as they die younger due to their poor health backup (Yuill, Crinson Duncan, 2010). Under complex social environment, health is considered as sensitive factor and a difficult scenario altogether that needs to be addressed urgently at multiple levels (Wilkinson Marmot, 2003). The hierarchy in health is based on several factors and these includes social status, income status, employment level, working condition, social support networks, gender, cultural background, development in early childhood, food security, the communication, housing and transport, food literacy, types of health services social exclusion and personal health practi ses. Complex interactions between these factors lead to a generation of dramatic difference in the health backup among the people or population who lies under different sociological environment. For example there are significant discrepancies in health among the indigenous and non-indigenous people in Australia. In comparison to the non-indigenous counterpart, indigenous people suffer a lot in health inequalities. There are more reported cases of indigenous children being hospitalised for infectious disease like pneumonia than that of on-indigenous people. Moreover, indigenous people encountered higher mortality rates among the non-indigenous children. Not only disease, indigenous children are more likely to get hospitalised due to physical assault (the incidence are encountered more among the girls than that of the boys). Indigenous people due to the lack of proper hygienic backup suffer from dental cavities in comparison to Australian average. In case of child birth, indigenous pe ople have higher incidence of still birth, low birth weight or premature birth. The main reason behind this birth related mortality among the indigenous children is higher incidence of single mother. These single mothers encounter higher consumption of alcohol and smoking leading to complications during pregnancy. On the other hand, the indigenous mothers who live in urban areas have lower rates of breastfeeding (Germov, 2005). This backdrop of poor health condition is an outcome of several complex social factors. Apart from social factors, there also several historical, economic and environmental factors like racism, depression, trauma, dispossession and internal generational trauma (Bowes Grace, 2014) which are responsible of severe health inequalities among indigenous people in Australia. According to Yuill, Crinson and Duncan, there six significant features based on the social models of health Health of an individual is either inhibited or enabled by social context. Although the choice of a people are dependent on their behaviour and internal psychological backup but social context of the people also influence their choice like gender, class and ethinicity. The body of a human being cannot be comprehensively defined by the biology, anatomy and physiology but the social and psychological consequences must also be taken into consideration. The possible outcome of health is not solely dependent on the disease prognosis and symptoms. The manner in which the scenario of health condition is being perceived and simultaneously experienced with respect to disease and illness vary from culture to culture and socio-economic backdrop. Biomedicine and medical science may be different sectors in health but are not unrelated; there exist an inherent integrity between the two concepts. There is a political connection in health. Significant political decision and process impact health and the well being on an individual and influence the social determinants in health. It is important to listen and vouch for the decisions, opinions of the people who are lying outside the healthcare domain in order to get a clear and unbiased view of the health domain. Sociological perspective in health care is based on three principle theories. The Functionalist Perspective vouches for effective medical care and good health. This concept considers these two factors essential for a functioning society. Bad health impairs person ability to perform their defined roles in the society and if a significant number of people in the society are unhealthy, the proper equilibrium in the society gets hampered as the stability suffers. This concept is extensively significant in case of premature death. Premature death prevents individuals from performing their social roles and thus provides poor return to the society in several domain including pregnancy, birth and childcare. Lack of proper medical care is also dysfunctional for a society as the residents of the society who are suffering from illness experience greater problems in becoming a healthy individual. On the other hand, people who are healthy are more likely to fall ill. Several expectations must be taken into consideration in order to consider a person to consider legitimately sick. According to Parsons, these exceptions can be defined under the banner of sick role. First and foremost, a sick person should never be perceived to be responsible for their own health problem. If someone prefers high fat diet and simultaneously becomes obese or encounters a cardiac arrest, he or she gets less sympathy than the person who has observed a healthy diet regime throughout the life. On the other hand, if someone encounters an accident upon drunk driving, there is significantly less sympathy than the person who is sober and has been skidded off the road during a snowy weather. Secondly, sick people must have a psychological thought process or an urge to get well. If they lack that urge of getting well, they are perceived as faking their illness. Such people are also at times malign after becoming healthy. They are no longer considered to be ill by the people of in their family or more gene rally by the society itself. Thirdly sick people are people are considered to abide by the instructions given by the doctors in order to recover fast. If a sick person is found violating the instructions of the health care professionals then, he or she again looses the right of performing the sick role. If all these expectations are successfully met, sick people are treated well by their family, gets sympathy from the society and are exempted from the normal obligations of the healthy people. At times they are excused and are allowed to stay in bed when they want to remain active. In the middle of all these, physicians also have a significant role to perform. They are required to diagnose the reason behind patients illness, and then decide how to treat that illness and then simultaneously help the patient to recover. But in order to do so, they require Active Corporation from the patient and his or her family. A patient must cooperate with the doctor by answering his queries and the n follow-up with him as per his instructions. According to Parsons, there exist a hierarchy among the physician and patient, the physician gives orders and the patients abide by accordingly. Parsons has right described the importance of individuals good health for the society but his health perspectives have been criticised for several reasons. Firstly, his basic idea of sick role is generally applicable for the acute or short term illness than that of chronic or long term illness. Secondly, Parsons discussion ignores that the social background is also responsible for a persons well being. It also determines the probability of becoming ill and the quality of medical care that will be received by that ill person. Thirdly, Parson wrote in for the hierarchy existence among patient and doctors relationship. However several experts of today are of the opinion that the patients here must take initiatives to reduce this hierarchy via asking more questions about their present health conditi on to their physicians and via active participation in maintaining their health and wellness. The Conflict Approach emphasizes the existence of inequality in health and the heal care model as proposed by Weitz in the year 2013. There is a significant difference in the quality of health and health care round the world. The inequities prevalent among the social class, ethnicity, race and gender are reproduced in the backdrop of health of an individual and in the health care model. People who are residing in socially disadvantaged backgrounds are more likely to become ill. Moreover, once they fall sick, inadequate care in the health domain make creates barrier in the path of speedy recover. The conflict approach also critically judge the efforts taken by the physicians over the past decades to control the medicinal practise and define prevalent social and medical problems. The good motivation of the physicians in delivering quality care is they are believed to be the most qualified personnel in the society having the best right to diagnose and treat a patient. The negative side is, they have also significantly recognised that their financial status will escalate if they start characterising the social dilemmas and medical problems and this monopolization of the treatment hit hard the health care domain. There are several examples that clearly illustrate this conflict theory. Personalised medicine is gradually becoming popular but on the other side, it is being critically judged by the medical establishment. Doctors at times may honestly fell that the use of personalised medicines or medical alternatives are inadequate, dangers and ineffective but on the other hand, they also know that application of these alternatives are financially important fr their medical practise. Girls or women who suffer from eating disorder receive active help from the physician, psychiatrist or other health care professionals. The care however is helpful but the definition of eating disorder provides a huge source of income for these medical professionals who treat this disorder and obscures its strong cultural roots within the societys standard definition of beautiful women (Whitehead Kurz, 2008). In the field of obstetrical care, towards the end of 19th century, physicians claimed that they are better persons to provide quality care to the pregnant women at the time of child delivery than that of the midwives. The conflict statement lies in the fact that the doctors might have honestly felt that the midwives are inadequately trained but on the other hand they also have fully recognised lucrative side of the obstetrical care (Whitehead Kurz, 2008). Hyperactive children and now treated with Ritalin =, hyperactive drug but previously these children are only considered as overly active. It can be sated that the definition of the active behaviour as a medical problem was indeed lucrative for the doctors and also for the company that has developed Ritalin (Conrad, 2008; Rao Seaton, 2010). According to the critique, the assessment of the conflict approach and simultaneous criticism of the doctors motivation is far too cynical. Scientific medicines are indeed helped in the improvement of the life expectancy of human race in the earth. However, physicians are also normal individuals who get motivated by economical consideration. Their hard efforts to stretch their scope into previous nonmedical areas can also generate from honest believe that the life of the mankind will improve if these efforts succeeded. The Symbolic Interaction Approach considers health and illness as the social constructions. It signifies that mental and physical conditions have no significance in objective reality. A person is considered healthy or ill if they are similarly acknowledged by the members of the society (Buckser, 2009; Lorber Moore, 2002). Like only after the invention of the drugs that the disease regarding hyperactive children becomes popular and is simultaneously recognised by the society. Obesity is now a health risk but according to the fat pride movement, participated by obese individuals stated that the health risk associated with obesity are exaggerated in order to call the attention of the societys discrimination against obese people (Diamond, 2011). Critics have found fault in the symbolic interaction approach because it has amplified that there is no objective reality behind any illness. There are several serious health conditions that exist among the human race and people are at risk of d eveloping such deadly diseases regardless of their social background or the society thinks about such diseases. In spite of having several faults in the symbolic interaction, the sociological approach states that the concept of health and illness do have a subjective correlation and objective reality between each other. Figure: Summary of the Sociological Perspective on Health and Health Care (Source: Sociological Perspectives on Health and Health Care, 2017) As per my knowledge, the theoretical perspective outlines in this chapter is based on their ability to deliver critical perspectives over the complex relationships between peoples experience over illness and their location in wider social structures. The biggest factor that I think will possibly impact on the healthcare practise is the inequalities in social position and the concept behind the institution of medicine. In spite of significant changes in the medical sociology model, there exist a distinct sociological hierarchy and commercial as well as statutory roles played by the medicines. As per my understanding, the medical sociology merits should depend in the understanding the enthusiasm of the scientific innovations in medicine and technology without getting dazzled by the salutary potential while keeping the sight of its proper implications in terms of equal social justice (Johnson, Dandeker Ashworth, 1984). References 13.1 Sociological Perspectives on Health and Health Care | Social Problems: Continuity and Change. (2017).Open.lib.umn.edu. Retrieved 9 October 2017, from https://open.lib.umn.edu/socialproblems/chapter/13-1-sociological-perspectives-on-health-and-health-care/ Bowes, J., Grace, R. (2014). Review of early childhood parenting, education and health intervention programs for Indigenous children and families in Australia. Buckser, A. (2009). Institutions, Agency, and Illness in the Making of Tourette Syndrome.Human Organization,68(3), 293-306. Collyer, F. M. (2011).The sociology of health and medicine in Australia.Politica Y Sociedad,48(2), 101-118. Conrad, P. (2008).The medicalization of society: On the transformation of human conditions into treatable disorders. JHU Press. Diamond, A. (2011). Acceptance of fat as the norm is a cause for concern: Anne Diamond notices a new prideamong obese people.Nursing Standard,25(38), 28-28. Germov, J. (2005). Imagining health problems as social issues.Second Opinion, 3-24. Johnson, T., Dandeker, C., Ashworth, C. (1984).The structure of social theory: Dilemmas and strategies. Macmillan. Lorber, J., Moore, L. J. (2002).Gender and the social construction of illness. Rowman Altamira. Parsons, T. (1949). The Structure of.Social Action, New York: Free Press. Rao, A., Seaton, M. (2009).The way of boys: Promoting the social and emotional development of young boys. Harper Collins. Weitz, R. (2009).The sociology of health, illness, and health care: A critical approach. Nelson Education. Whitehead, K., Kurz, T. (2008). Saints, sinners and standards of femininity: discursive constructions of anorexia nervosa and obesity in women's magazines.Journal of Gender Studies,17(4), 345-358. Wilkinson, R. G., Marmot, M. (Eds.). (2003).Social determinants of health: the solid facts. World Health Organization. Yuill, C., Crinson, I., Duncan, E. (2010).Key concepts in health studies. Sage.

Field Study of Cockington Green Gardens †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Field Study of Cockington Green Gardens. Answer: Introduction Field work or field research is a collection of information gathered from laboratory, library and workplace settings. Pierre Bourdieu played an inevitable role in the overall popularization of the fieldwork in sociology. The fieldworks are mainly aimed at the economic and social factors of the human society (Swift, 2017). In addition to this, he also proposed some theories on how the social agents operate (Ball, 2013). The report throws light on a field study of Cockington Green Gardens that is conducted with the aim of knowing the development, structure and the social life of a particular set of individuals within the give place, social interactions and patterns of relationships and the functioning of the human society, at large. Observation According to three and a half hour observation, we found that a total of thirty two people visited the Cockington Green Gardens after purchasing tickets. The ticket price is 19.5 Australian dollars per person and the family ticket is 45 Australian dollars for three people. Therefore, an observation made here is that the individual tickets are more costly than a family ticket of three persons. Around fourteen cars were there in the garden, which included two BMW, three Toyota, four Holden, one Ford, two Honda, one Audi and one Volkswagen. According to personal impression, the cars were quite classy and expensive. Therefore, it gives detailed information regarding the social status of the visitors present there. I observed few statutes of the animals like ostriches and kangaroos represented the physical features present at the spot. There is a caf beside the statues which gives an idea of embracing the overall importance of mother earth and in a way it is a tourist spot. Moreover, the colorful flowers and green plants within the cafs environments were being taken good care and in addition to this, the caf offered good accommodation services. Furthermore, it offered very little carbonated drinks as it focused on natural ingredients more than artificial ones. In addition to this, natural milk ice creams were being served at the caf. The parking lot was soiled rather than being cemented. Last but not the least; the caf had more family visitors and old people in it, rather than the individual ones. It gave an impression that the caf embraced togetherness and families more. Features The Cockington Green Gardens is a sort of a park which had miniatures in it. It is basically a family owned property which has over four generation ownership. The overall setting of the park is purely based on nature and mother earth. The park is designed in such a way that it embraced a cool and composed environment that is very much necessary for fun, studying and also relaxing. Majority of the elements that was present in the garden are very much significant for interpreting the overall setting of the park. It consists of various miniature buildings of different styles and structures, designs and shapes. Other features which attract the tourists are various statues of animals and birds, representing them as an inevitable part of mother earth. In addition to this, many trees and greeneries are present in the gardens, representing vegetation as well as plantation. The controllable machines which are present on the ground give a description of human involvement, improvement and innovation for Mother Nature. Moreover, many visitors were present at the spot, who gave an idea of the social statuses from where they belong. It offered an impression concerning the social life of human beings. This sort of gardens and miniature parks gives an idea of the evolution of human life and their involvement, improvement and innovation on mother earth. Key actors I observed that the types of people present there were mostly the family members rather than individuals. The ticket price for the family members is also less than the individual ones. This represented that the park embraced family members more than individuals or couples. In addition to this, the visitors mostly bought their own cars, which represented that they belonged to the higher class of the society. Moreover, the family members and their kids were very much consistent all throughout the observation. They were keen to know what was going on and participated in a positive manner and took an active part in it. Organization From our observations it can be interpreted that the Cockington Green Gardens was mainly being attended by the families as well as couples. The park however, gave special offers to the family members and it targeted a certain class of people. The families wanted their kids to learn something from the park surrounded by Mother Nature. The people present their almost belonged to the same social life pattern and structure, which symbolized wealth and people having some extra penny for leisurely activities. In addition to this, Cockington Green Gardens also provided some accommodation services which are only associated with the people belonging to the wealthy social status. Furthermore, majority of the observations were made very closely in relation with the beauty of mother earth, nature, environment, ecology and agriculture as well. The green vegetation and plantations were surrounded by various trees and maize. Gardeners are also present at the spot, who takes good care and maintains the park, which highly represented the social life of the people living there. The park is well structured and it appreciates as well as accommodates the love for agriculture and nature as well. Other observables are the statues of various animals, farming machines, boats placed in cool water and others. The statues of kangaroos and other animals represented that they are a very important part of mother earth. The statues of farming machines and boats represented how human beings have evolved. Conclusion The observations that were being made in the entire project opened our minds and are considered to be very important for understanding the social life of human beings. It also helped us in gaining knowledge and experiences. It enabled us in understanding various aspects of life and moreover, it helped us in engaging into societal activities. The overall project proved to be beneficial for us. References Ball, S. J. (Ed.). (2013).Foucault and education: Disciplines and knowledge. Routledge. Swift, D. F. (2017).The sociology of education: introductory analytical perspectives(Vol. 54). Routledge. Akanle, O., Adebayo, A. A. (2013). Sociology of Development.Essentials of Sociology, 395-412. Andersen, M. L., Taylor, H. F. (2012).Sociology: the essentials. Nelson Education. Brinkerhoff, D. B., Ortega, S. T., Weitz, R. (2013).Essentials of sociology. Cengage Learning. Little, W., McGivern, R., Kerins, N. (2016).Introduction to Sociology-2nd Canadian Edition. BC Campus. Ritzer, G. (2015).Essentials of Sociology. Sage Publications. Wolfe, C., Callahan, J. S. (2017). Introduction to sociology.

Misinformation in foreign policy

Propaganda has always been used by administrations from the earlier regimes to the most recent governments as a tool to assist them in attaining footholds as pertaining to their interests in foreign countries. This paper aims to support the fact that regimes use misinformation to progress their interests in foreign policy by aggravating protests from their citizens.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Misinformation in foreign policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Diverse opinions have been broached on the issue of change of foreign policy. One such view is proffered by McCormick (2009) who states that foreign policy practices have been changed dramatically since the terror attack on 9/11. He depicts several aspects that manipulate the materialization of the alterations within and outside the government and civilians spheres While exposing the media’s part in bringing about changes in foreign policy, he also provides more information on the way that particular aspects swayed resolutions formulated on foreign policy via alteration of communal thinking and principles of people. This information provides an unusual debate on foreign policy and its procedure. Spanier and Hook expose the culture of the U.S leadership. Not only do they dwell on the background of the supremacy and the procedure of policy formulation, they also attempt to expose the contemporary administrations mode of management applications. From the rule of George Bush to the present Obama’s administration, numerous topics founded on headship of America from WW II form the chapters of their book. The readers acquire an unambiguous depiction of the alterations occurring within foreign policy from the 1940’s since the writers have endeavored to associate the diverse leadership’s application of foreign policy. The book touches on several issues, majorly on co-relations of developing nations and the East, w ith the U.S. Other relevant aspects include the partaking of the U.S in the battles in Iraq and Afghanistan. Reports from the media and journalists generally, are also conferred by the writers on a few of the consequences of the battles. Spanier and Hook (2009) further elucidate that the latest financial catastrophe is a particular area whose consequences impacted worldwide, as well as it continually manipulates the type of foreign policy (Spanier Hook, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Ungar (2005), political pressure forced employees of Voice of America (VOA), an independent international radio broadcasting operation, to discuss constructive aspects about the Iraq war and President Bush’s decision to go to war. Particulars about the way the State Department took up the VOA and commanded certain sequences of events broadcasted to give a good pi cture of the Iraq battle and the president were revealed in the editorial. The article basically delineates how misinformation through the media may be used as a tool of trade for governments by agitating international and communal views. The media also abetted in animating communal support for the presidential foreign policy after 9/11. Ungar states that this brought about a â€Å"hawkish foreign policy† According to Raiz (2010), the role of news media in a democratic society relates to how mass media is flourishing all over the world and has become a vital part of how our minds are shaped concerning our society. In relation to the media, egalitarianism has progressed worldwide. Some countries are more technologically challenged than others. This is a global world we live in today and in some far off areas the information revolution, the mass media has become a vital part of the social system (Raiz, 2010). Due to the interconnection between egalitarianism and media it is vit al to understand the issues on politics that we encounter. The relevance is because we live in a democratic society, in order for an individual to make a critical decision regarding the government and politics one must be well informed on how things are operated politically in the world. (Raiz, 2010) In yet another aspect, Greenwald (2010) was concerned that â€Å"the difficulty each person faces in believing that the media hinders our idea of politics is that we have built up our own resistance to understanding the political world as artificially limited† (p. 827-838).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Misinformation in foreign policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He further stated that we are able to talk about the political propaganda which causes manipulation concerning the political opinions as long as it affects others and not us personally (Greenwald 2010, p. 827). Manipulation into trusting false hoods of the opinionated world about us is a reality, yet a difficult aspect to face. From the onset of 9/11, the relationship between the media and the state has rapidly declined especially between news groups, the U.S and its war associates in the battle against terrorism and has called for the re-evaluation of on-hand hypothetical structure that elucidates the relations between the media and the state. After summarizing the hypothetical structure historically, Ãâ€"ztà ¼rk (2009) analyzes the impact of the post-September 11 events on the freedom of expression and press freedom to introduce the changing and deteriorating environment for the press-state relations since then. The power politics applied widely by states domestically and internationally in the post-9/11 world have caused serious violations of the freedom of expression in general, these therefore resulted setbacks and deteriorations in press freedom in particular (Ãâ€"ztà ¼rk 2009 p. 42). It may be concluded that mo dern approaches and hypothesis that may elucidate the relations between the media and state are called for by this modern situation. For a very long time, the tradition of hegemony which states that the president is allowed unequalled power to run views and information in times of battle has been predominant in political communiquà © writing. Patrick and Thrall (2007), observed that, we believe that classical propaganda theory provides a useful corrective to the hegemonic perspective and offers a better way to understand the Bush administration’s propaganda strategy and its impact on public opinion (Patrick Thrall 2007). They summed up by stating that the president did not conform to the hegemonic rules as envisaged.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Judis (2011), certain media institutions, at the behest of stakeholders, moved away from disinterestedness in reporting, to using propaganda to promote conservative and liberal change. Philosophies of the Republicans are majorly underscored here. The author shows how present regimes utilize the propaganda generated by the media to stir the public. Judis also highlights a plan to attain matched access to the media and the outcome. References Greenwald, G. (2010). Limiting Democracy. The American Media’s World View, and  Ours, 77(3), 827-838. Judis, J. B. (2011). Neutralized. New Republic, 242(6), 16-18. McCormick, J. (2009). American foreign policy and process. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Ãâ€"ztà ¼rk, A. (2009). International Politics and the Media: The Case of the Press/Media in the War on Terror. Alternatives: Turkish Journal of International Relations, 8(3), 42-72. Patrick, B. A., Thrall, A. (2007). Beyond Hegemony: Classical Propaganda Theory and Presid ential Communication Strategy after the Invasion of Iraq. Mass Communication Society, 10(1), 95-118. doi: 10.1080/15205430701229808 Raiz, S. (2010). FWU Journal of Social Sciences, 4(2), 89-98. Spanier, J. and Hook, S. (2009). American foreign policy since World War II. Washington: CQ Press Ungar, S. J. (2005). Pitch Imperfect. Foreign Affairs, 84(3), 7. This essay on Misinformation in foreign policy was written and submitted by user Ronan Ross to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

British Victory essays

British Victory essays The series of wars over the control of the North American continent had many varied results that eventually resulted in a British victory. They were helped by the American colonists who at that time did not have an organized army such as Britain did, but rather an unorganized militia. In many battles, there could have been a bit of luck involved plus many of Britains war tactics resulted in more victorious outcomes than the French. The wars became more and more advanced militarily as time progressed from King Williams War in 1689 to the Battle of Quebec in 1759, which was one of the most incredible battles in world military history. The British ended up victorious in this struggle for control of the North American continent because of their linear warfare tactics, help from the Iroquois, a little bit of luck, and of course from their loyal American colonial subjects. One of the major reasons for Britains victory was their very simple but effective war tactic known as linear warfare and their other strategies that proved to be successful as well. This involved the simple organized arrangement of soldiers in a line facing the enemy, firing their muskets command. This was most affective in open field and especially in the Battle of Quebec. The British were smart in choosing young commanders such as James Wolfe at times to lead sections of their army. This was smart because these men were in better physical shape and were much sharper than those old hags that they sent out there to lead their men. The use of guerilla warfare was also a major benefit to both sides of the battles. The British won for other reasons such as smart decisions off of the battlefield and also because of battles held in areas other than America. They targeted key points that would definitely do harm to the French and would weaken their morale and their chances in later battles. Also, because the French had devoted much of their f...

Ethical issues surrounding children advertising Essay

Ethical issues surrounding children advertising - Essay Example The organization tends to do those activities that could earn them maximum returns but doing marketing ethics would earn them a competitive advantage for a longer period of time (Kotler and Armstrong 1999). A business does well when they are focused in satisfying the needs of the customers then their competitors as per the requirement of their target market. As the world are getting more savvy about their rights in getting a desired product, the company has to adhere ethical values rather than just providing the products. Customers develop a positive attitude towards the organization when it behaves ethically. A company that tends to follow otherwise leads to the negative behavior from the customers and results in dissatisfied customers and a negative publicity and eventually losing a customer. So, forming an ethical advertisement that would target the children in a sociably ethical manner would earn the company’s revenues (Hebert 1998). In this paper, the effects of advertise ment on children’ attitude and behavior and social upbringing is discussed by addressing different issues and literature that currently exists on this subject. Children have a mentality of learning things very quickly and they have a nag of remembering those things that they often see in their childhood. Everything that they pick up these days has an essence of advertising in it. Cartoons are no longer fun and excitement nowadays, but the commercials for a certain toys are more attraction to them. But the most significant thing that we want to ask ourselves is what it has done to our children and what effect it may cause in the future. The advertisements that were made previously were subtler and every child that was asked about the future aim they would prefer being a doctor, or an engineer or a pilot. But due to the effects of these commercials on children they prefer to make money. They have been converted into a materialistic non-thinker (Paula 1998). Advertising agencies have pretty much made these children to force their parents to buy them the latest stuff that has been in the advertisements and magazines. The kids are literally begg ing parents for the newest toys and children are the first in line to get them. Many of them have the feeling that if they would not get these toys then their friends would not like them. Now advertising agencies have help from the psychologists that tells them how to target these children and are barraging the kids will all sorts of commercial which would attract them. These advertisements have become so severe that these psychologists have taken this matter to the government to put an end to this situation. The task force has studied the situation and the effects that it has on the children. But some psychologists would start protesting about it because they think they are not doing anything wrong. They have a viewpoint that they are making these children better consumers so it would be helping them to make good decisions (Clay 2000). The children are being exposed to the product that is offered in the market but there are no studies that have justified the effect of advertisement s on these kids and their behaviors to force their parents in making the purchase decision. This has caused a depression for certain parents and children and has caused low self-esteem of not buying the product that

Applicant essay for Registered Nursing Program Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Applicant for Registered Nursing Program - Essay Example The single most important accomplishment in life is the decision to be a nurse. For the last ten years, I have never regretted being in healthcare field. It had been my dream and aspiration since I was a small child. Nursing is challenging, but every challenging experience makes me a better nurse. It gives me great joy and gratification when I assist an ailing person and be instrumental in restoring health. I believe this is what God wants us to do. To help the sick and get them back to their daily work so that they can continue building the society. Being a registered nurse would be a lifetime accomplishment and a dream come true. I believe that I have what it takes to be a registered nurse especially having practices as a registered nursing assistant for over ten years. I have excellent communication skills, which is a core requirement for effective communication with patients and medical professionals (Dossey, Keegan, and American Holistic Nurses Association 372). I have strong emotional intelligence and therefore demonstrate high degree of maturity when handling patients with various problems. Besides, I have gained technical expertise through experience with all kinds of patients with different clinical and psychological problems. I am naturally empathetic and kind thus very efficient in understanding and establishing connection with patients. I find it easy to build trust and confidence with patients. Although I find nursing fulfilling, it has many challenges, which requires a strong personality. I have made it through the ten years by being resilient at work. I can handle challenges of nursing profession and still able to handle family, personal and social obligations. I am cheerful and enthusiastic at my work since I do it with passion and not driven by money. I understand the nursing codes of ethics and therefore uphold high ethical and moral standards. Through experience and close collaboration with registered nurses, and doctors, I have

A Forensic Nightmare Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Forensic Nightmare - Assignment Example In the second instance, Mexican authorities were reluctant to allow FBI agents to conduct forensic investigations on the burial sheets of the victims and their clothing. However, they allowed the investigators to cut a small piece of clothing. The most prevalent challenge in the collection of evidence was contamination of crucial evidence. From the onset of the investigation, investigators faced an uphill task of collecting evidence at the crime scene that had been contaminated. The first incidence of evidence contamination was at the Bravo ranch. FBI and DEA investigators arrived at the Bravo ranch and found out the scene was yet to be controlled. Thus, members of the public and Mexican police officers had contaminated the area. In another instance, investigators located the residence where they believed the two victims had been held (Malone, n.d.). The residence presented investigators with the opportunity to collect evidence such as blood samples, fingerprints, and hair evidence. Unfortunately, the interior walls of the residence had been painted by the time investigators were collecting evidence from the scene. The residence had also been cleaned and eventually occupied. Mexican authorities were reluctant to surrender all the evidence that they collected from their investigations. For instance, they surrendered pieces of evidence including samples from Camarena’s burial sheet, a laboratory report and an unsoiled rope (Malone, n.d.). Unfortunately, MFJP destroyed the remaining evidence citing health concerns. The destruction of the remaining evidence was a limiting factor in the investigator’s ability to prepare a conclusive evidence report. Investigators used reference samples and soil evidence in the case to determine the hostage locations of the victims and subsequent burial sites.  

The Andean Community of Nations

The Andean Community of Nations The Andean Community of Nations History The history of the Andean Community of Nations started on the 26th of May 1969, when Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru signed the Cartagena Agreement. This was the launch of the Andean Integration process and was also known as the Andean Pact, (Andean Community of Nations, a brief history, par. 1). On February the 13th 1973, Venezuela joined the agreement and on the 30th of October 1976, and Chile withdraw itself out of de community. Also Venezuela withdraws itself out of de community. This happened in April 2006. All the bodies and institutions of the Andean Community of Nations as we know today were created in the first ten years of the organisation except for the Andean Council of Presidents. This was created in 1990 ( Andean Community of Nations, a brief history, par. 4). Objectives The Andean Community of Nations has six objectives: to promote the Member countries harmonious development throughout integration and economic and social cooperation to accomplish growth and to create employment to assist participation in terms of regional integration with the purpose of a creation of a Latin America common market to reduce the differences that exist between the member countries to consequently search for the improvement of the living conditions of the citizens living in the region of the Andean Community of Nations to improve the role of their member countries in the world and the international economy ( Andean Community of Nations, what are our objectives?). Tactics and actions Organisation and structure The Andean Community of Nations consists of 4 members: Bolivia, Colombia, Peru and Ecuador. The observer countries are Mexico and Panama. The Andean Community of Nations has thirteen bodies and institutions: Andean Council of Presidents The Council of Presidents is highest body of the organisation and is responsible for the making guidelines for the rest of the organisation Andean Council of Foreign Affairs This body is made up of all the foreign affairs ministers of the member countries and is responsible for making and carry out the foreign policy of the organisation Andean Community Commission The Commission is the main policy- making body of the Andean Community of Nations Andean Community General Secretariat The General Secretariat is the executive body of the organisation and has the responsibility of drawing decisions for the Council of Foreign Affairs Andean Community Court of Justice This Community is the legislative body of the organisation and is made up of four judges of the four member countries. They are responsible for ensuring that the laws of the Community are being applied appropriately. Andean Parliament The Andean Parliament is the body that represent the citizens of the member countries. Andean Development Corporation This Corporation is the financial institution of the organisation. They support the public and private sector of the member countries as well as the governments. Latin America Reserve fund The purpose of this Fund is to give financial assistance to the member countries by giving credits or loans and it also helps the member countries to harmonize their financial and monetary policies. Andean Business Advisory Council Andean Labour Advisory Council Andean Health Body Simon Rodriguez Convention Simon Bolivar University All the above mentioned bodies and institutions are part of the Andean Integration System (SAI). This system was designed to allow effective coordination between al the bodies and institutions in order to maximize the Andean integration. Introduction based on questions 1 -7 The purpose of this paper is to examine the role that e-government can play in Regional International Organizations in Central- en South America. First it is important what is meant by e-government. E-government is also known as electronic government, e-gov, digital government or online government. Technology, or e-government, is the way of exchanging information and services with citizens, businesses, organisations and other arms of government. E-government also entails the use of information technology to free movement of information to overcome the physical bounds of traditional paper and psychical bases systems, as well as the use of technology to enhance the access to and delivery of government services to benefit citizens, business partners and employees. E-government comprises activities that take place by digital processes over a computer network, usually the internet. These activities generally involve the electronic exchange of information to acquire or provide products or service, to place or receive orders, to provide or obtain information, or to complete financial transactions. Second it is important to examine what is meant by Regional Organizations in Central- en South America. Regional Organizations are international organizations which bring together countries occupying a certain region with shared needs and interest for the purpose of closer cooperation and or integration. According to the Yearbook of International organizations there are eight criteria for inclusion under the international organization: The aims must be genuinely international with the intention to cover at least three states Membership must be individual or collective participation, with full voting rights, and must be open to any individual or entity appropriately qualified in the organizations area of operations. Voting must be so that no national group can control the organization The constitution must provide for a formal structure giving members the right periodically to elect governing bodies and officers. Provision should be made for continuity of operations with a permanent headquarter Officers should not all be of the same nationality for more than a given period. There should be a substantial contribution to the budget from at least three states and there should be no attempt to make profit for distribution to members Those with an organic relationship with other organisation must show that it can exist independently and elect its own officials Evidence of current activities must be available Negative criteria are: size, politics, ideology, field of activity, geographical location of headquarters, nomenclature, is irrelevant deciding whether a set-up is an international organisation or not REFERENCES There are two ways of defining Central America. It is possible to define Central America as a region of the North American continent. Geopolitically spoken, it comprises seven countries Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. Mexico is often included. In Latin America and in Europe, the Americas are considered to be a continent and Central America is a region of that continent. The United Nations geoscheme defines the region as all states of North America south of the United States; conversely; the European Union excludes Belize and Mexico from its definition of the region. South America comprises the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela. Besides those countries are there also various islands, many of which belong to countries of the continent. Geopolitically, the islands states and overseas territories of the Caribbean are generally grouped as a part of sub region of North America. Third, it is important to know what the main Regional Organisations are in Central- and South America. The main Regional International Organisations are: Mercado Comun del Sur (MERCOSUR) The Andean Community of Nations The Union of South American Nations (Unasur/Unasul) The Organization of American States (OAS) Pan American Institute of Geography and History (PAIGH) Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la AmÃÆ'Â ©rica Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL) The Inter- American Development Bank Associacao Latino-Americana de Intergracao / Asociacion Latino-Americana de Intergracion (ALADI) Association of Caribbean States (ACS) Latin American Economic System (SELA) Latin American Centre for Development Administration (CLAD) Mercado Comun Del Sur and the Andean Community of Nations are two Regional International Organisations which have great influence in the region. The two organisations are the two main trading blocks and therefore the choice was made to examine them further in the rapport. Mercosur (Mercado Comun del Sur) Mercosur or Mercado Comun del Sur, is a trading bloc in South America. The trading bloc is the fourth-largest trading bloc in the world and the largest in South America. The bloc comprises Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay and was founded in 1991 by the treaty of Asuncion. In 1994 the treaty of Ouro Preto gave the organisation a wider international status and formalised a sustoms union. The organisations headquarters lies in the capital of Uruguay Montevideo. Mercosur has two official languages; Spanish and Portuguese. The rotation of the presidency of Mercosur between member states takes place every six months. The Mercosur institutions include among others: Common Market Council Common Market Group Commission of Commerce of Mercosur Parliament of Mercosur The parliament of Mercosur was inaugurated in December 2006. Initially, the parliament serves only as an advisory committee for the foreign ministers of the Mercosur member states. The four states that conform Mercosur find expression in their democratic, defending societies of the fundamental liberties, the human rights. They unite to fight against poverty and unite to bring economic development and legal security. The fundamental objective of the treaty of Asuncion is the integration of the four states parts, through the free movement of goods, capital, services and people among its member states, the establishment of a common external tariff and the adoption of a common commercial policy. The Mercosur countries count a population of more than 220 million people and have a collective output of $1.1 trillion, accounting for over 75 percent of South Americas GDP with $800 billion for Brazils count. Mercosur has 5 associated members; Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. The fact that they are associated members means that can join free-trade agreements but they remain outside the blocs customs union. There were moves to include Chile as full member, but these were suspended after Chile signed a free-trade deal with the United States in 2002. On the 4th of July 2006, Venezuela became the fifth full member of Mercosur. Venezuela, a leading oil and gas producer gave Mercosur greter economic clout, but it raised fairs that the controversial Venezuelan leader Hugo Chavez could use the group as a platform for his anti-US stance. Klonsky, J. (2007). Mercosur: South Americas Fractious Trade Bloc. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from Council on Foreign Relations Website: http://www.cfr.org/publication/12762/ Mercosur, Quienes Somos. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from Mercosurs official website. Website: http://www.mercosur.int/msweb/portal%20intermediario/es/index.htm BBC, Profile: Mercosur Common Market of the South. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from Internation Organisations Website: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/5195834.stm

How to Write an Essay :: essays research papers

How to Write an Essay What is the point of the paper?To see if you can write at length about some topic, in a focused and sustained way. Focused -- not rambling disconnectedly on "everything I know about X", but discussing a specific topic or cluster of interrelated topics in an integrated way. Sustained -- following through some clear line(s) of argument in some depth (e.g. discussing not just objections but objections to the objections). That still leaves options. You may go 'vertically' and dig more deeply into one particular issue; or you may go 'horizontally' and be concerned to make connections, and show how different parts of the philosophical landscape fit together -- or a bit of both. But whichever way you go, you should aim for a clearly structured story and some meaty arguments. 'But typical one-word questions like "Necessity" or "Scepticism" or "Justice" are not very focused!' True. But they are intended as invitations to write on some specific topic that falls under the one-word heading. What the the Faculty Handbook says about Extended Essays and Dissertations applies here too. "The candidate in effect sets their own question [in the given area], and is expected to define this question and then write about it, not about its general philosophical environs." To emphasize again, you cannot construct a good extended essay merely by collecting a lot of points about a topic and setting them out one after the other. They need to be organized into an argument in favour of some particular conclusion, which you have specified as your target. 'How much should I aim to write?' Quite a bit! If your essay is hardly longer than a typical answer to a single question on one of the other papers, then it is almost certainly too short. (Of course, you might be a Gettier, about to make a Major New Point in a couple of pages -- but then again, probably not ...!) On the other hand, you might well write rather less overall than in other three hour papers, because you need to spend somewhat more time in thinking out and planning your work. Don't just dive in -- plan your answer very carefully. And certainly, you should avoid padding your answer out with material irrelevant to your main theme (that way, you can well end up with lower marks than if you had stopped sooner). 'It's a lottery. How can I be expected to predict questions?

“Hurricane Hits England” and “Search For My Tongue” Essay

Compare how a person’s culture is shown to be important in â€Å"Hurricane Hits England† and in one other poem. In both â€Å"Hurricane Hits England† and â€Å"Search For My Tongue†, the poems explore the theme of culture being important to person, both poems approach this theme in different ways. In â€Å"Hurricane Hits England†, the poet uses the method of flashbacks to explore the theme, whereas â€Å"Search For My Tongue† approaches this theme by putting us in the author’s shoes. In â€Å"Hurricane Hits England†, the subject matter is based around the serious hurricane that hit Southern England 1987. This is a very rare life force that is unusual in this country, more frequently occurring in the Caribbean. This storm in England reminds Nichols about her culture and this life force has been able to â€Å"break the frozen lake† within her. This shows us, the reader her culture is important to her, by creating a fusion of human life and natural life forces; â€Å"Talk to me Huracan†¦Talk to me Shango†. These â€Å"gods† that she is calling out to us the reader, makes us also think that she is trying to create a chant as if she sees the hurricane as both â€Å"Fearful and reassuring†. Although she is happy that the hurricane has come for it has been able to help her discover her culture again, she is also reminded about what damage this ‘life force’ can do to a country, physically and emotionally. The poet is using this event in England to help call her â€Å"back-home cousin†. This is another reminder to us the reader that she wants this occasion to be a flashback of what would have happened if she was in the Caribbean. However, she knows that this is not the same as the storms in the Caribbean, as the trees are â€Å"falling heavy as whales†. This simile is used to represent the different types of ecosystems around the world, how different trees have different properties. If you go to the Caribbean, the types of trees are mainly palm trees, with the properties of having flexible bark. However, in England the types of trees are Oak and Pine which are quite heavy and inflexible. This makes the trees unsuitable for this type of weather, making this experience still remind the poet about her culture, but seeing this weather as a new experience. In â€Å"Search For My Tongue†, the way the poets shows us how culture is important to her is done in different ways, by showing us how it is to be in another country and not be able to express your â€Å"mother tongue†. In this poem, she describes how she is scared of loosing her â€Å"mother tongue†, how it would â€Å"rot† and she will have to â€Å"spit it out†. This demonstrates how her language is a very important part of her culture and heritage and during the first stanza in the poem; the use of botanical imagery shows a mood of death and decay. She explains how she could not create a hybrid tongue, the use of both languages; â€Å"You could not use them both together†. This botanical imagery is then used to help the re-growth of her mother tongue while she is having a dream; â€Å"munay hutoo kay†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The way how she portrays this stanza of the poem, not only gives the impression of her doing a chant but also had a lyrical feeling towards it. This is then an awakening for her mother tongue to â€Å"grow†, thus rediscovering language and culture is obviously important to the poet. The final stanza is probably the most enlightening and meaningful stanza in the entire poem, for it finally concludes how culture can be extremely important to people and make them the way they are; â€Å"the bud opens in my mouth†. The use of botanical imagery has now been used to firstly represent death and decay, to now being represent growth and re-birth. This use of assonance in the last stanza also helps to change the mood of the entire poem, giving it a more positive feel to the poem; â€Å"blossoms out of my mouth†. This line not only tells us that she is happy with the culture that she has re-discovered, but it also means that she has found the item that she had lost; her tongue. We know this from the title of the poem â€Å"Search For My Tongue†. In conclusion, both of these poems have been able to show how a past culture can be important to a person’s character and future growth. This could teach all of us a moral lesson, by telling us that culture is important to everybody’s feeling of self by making it mould our characters to what we are today. In both these poems, they might have used different methods to portray these themes, with the outcome giving off the same message.

treaty of versallies essays

treaty of versallies essays The Treaty of Versailles: Defeated by Wilson? Many different opinions exists on whether or not the defeat of The Treaty of Paris was in part, due to Wilsons persuasions. Well, it can definitely be stated that Wilson was stubborn and inept, but the question is did these qualities have anything to do with the defeat of the treaty. Seeing that the League of Nations is a major article in the Treaty, I must comment on it in order to support the facts. Wilson felt ardently about the league and would stop at nothing to have it a part of the Treaty. He even sacrificed some of his other points in order to keep it intact. This is an excellent example of his stubbornness. His ineptitude was clearly shown when he failed to bring proper representation with him in negotiating and signing the treaty. Leaving the republicans at home, showed that he didnt want to bring anyone who might disagree with his demands. After returning to America, the Lodge Reservations were worked into the treaty. Wilson had such a strong resentment for Lodge, that he asked all democrats to vote against the new treaty. They did, and because of Wilsons stubbornness the Treaty was never ratified. In addition to the before stated views, there is documented proof of Wilsons extreme stubbornness. On Sep. 5th, Wilson states, When you read Article X, therefore, you will see that it is nothing but the inevitable, logical center of the whole system of the Covenant of the League of Nations, and I stand for it absolutely. If it should ever in any important respect be impaired, I would feel like asking the Secretary of War to get the boys who went across the water to fight,... and I would stand up before them and say, Boys, I told you before you went across the seas that this was a war against wars, and I did my best to fulfill the promise, but I am obliged to come to you in mortification and shame and say I have not been able to fulfill the promise...

Comparison of The Whole Towns Sleeping, written by Ray Bradbury, and The Landlady, by Roald Dahl Essays

Comparison of The Whole Towns Sleeping, written by Ray Bradbury, and The Landlady, by Roald Dahl Essays Comparison of The Whole Towns Sleeping, written by Ray Bradbury, and The Landlady, by Roald Dahl Paper Comparison of The Whole Towns Sleeping, written by Ray Bradbury, and The Landlady, by Roald Dahl Paper Essay Topic: Literature Ray Bradbury Short Stories The Whole Towns Sleeping, written by Ray Bradbury, and The Landlady, by Roald Dahl, are two short stories that have many facts in common; including the setting, the plot and the main characters. The first one narrates the story of a small town where a woman is strangled every month or so by a serial killer. One evening, a group of friends find the dead body of a girl from the town. From then on, the girls become obsessed with the idea of the killer going after them. On the other hand, Dahls story describes how a man arrives to a town (Bath) late at night and is pulled in by a notice on a window into a Bed and Breakfast. The woman in charge of the place does not seem too weird, but even though the protagonist does not notice anything strange, the reader becomes aware of the old womans immoral intentions. The main common aspects are that they are both tales based on fear and apprehension, as well as having opened endings. The setting, the plot and the attitude of the characters are going to be analysed having as an aim, the need to create tension. One of the main parts of a story is the setting. Both of these stories have two different major settings where the plot takes place. In The Whole Towns Sleeping, which takes place in Illinois, the first place you first meet is Lavinias home. There, she feels secure and comfortable. Home. Oh safe at home. Safe, safe and safe at home! (The Whole Towns Sleeping, 56). This fragment of the short story is of great importance because it explains Lavinias personal feelings towards her home, which later will turn out to be wrong. However, the other main setting where most of the story takes place in is outdoors. The story happens an evening when the main characters have decided to go to the cinema. Outside its cold and dark. To get to the cinema they have to go through a scary ravine. They stood upon the edge of the ravine that cut the town in two. Behind them were lighted houses and faint radio music; ahead was deepness, moistness, fireflies and dark. (The Whole Towns Sleeping, 38). This passage full of imagery, it illustrates the unpleasing look of the appearing place of the narrow valley. The ravine is the place where the dead bodies of the victims of the serial killer are found, which makes it even a scarier place. The Landlady also has two principal settings. The story begins in Bath, where a young businessman has arrived. Outside, the air was deadly cold and the wind was like a flat blade of ice on the cheeks (The Landlady, 80). This section of the book shows the protagonists need to find a comfortable place to stay for the night. After looking around town he finds a Bed and Breakfast, which in this story stands out for being the set where most of the plot happens. It is a comfortable house with a fire warming up the living room. In front of the fire, a pretty little dachshund was curled up asleep ( ) The room itself, so far as he could see in the half-darkness, was filled with pleasant furniture (The Landlady, 81). This passage explains how the protagonist sees the Bed and Breakfast as a great place to stay because of its appearance, which does not come out to be a great idea. Concerning the setting, both stories are quite similar. Both of them have a place where the protagonists feel most secure in (Lavinias house, and the Bed and Breakfast respectively), however, as the story flows, they will turn out to be not as safe as they looked like. When writing the plot of these stories, both authors had one aim in mind; to create tension. However, they turned out to achieve their aim by different means. The Whole Towns Sleeping plot consists mainly on a series of continuous mini-climaxes, thought of to create a steady tension around the fear of being attacked by the strangler. The Lonely One might follow us and kill (The Whole Towns Sleeping, 38). The quotation clearly shows the fright that the women experiment. On the other hand, The Landlady works in a different way. Even though it also creates the reader to become nervous and tense, the author uses little hints throughout the story, which will turn out to be related and predestine the young protagonist to his own fate. Hes still here. (Mr. Mulholland). Mr. Temple is also here. Theyre on the third floor, both of them together (The Landlady, 89). This quote shows how the old lady is giving hints to the young man about the danger he is in, however, he does not get the message. Despite the fact that the authors of these two short stories used different techniques to achieve the same aim, they both decided to give the same type of con clusion to the two of them; an opened ending. An opened ending is a story, which does not have a resolution. The last aspect of the stories to be analysed are the characters thoughts. Bradburys story has Lavinia as its protagonist. Francine and Helen are two friends of her in their thirties too. Lavinia is an adventure seeker. She thinks life is boring and has to be spiced up. Going through the ravine on her own, the narrator gets into the protagonists mind and the reader is able to feel empathy. There, there! she screamed to herself. At the bottom of the steps. A man under the light! No, now hes gone! He was waiting there! (The Whole Towns Sleeping, 53). The quotation shown makes the reader understand Lavinias distress while being followed by a stranger. The Landlady is made up of two main characters; Billy Weaver, a young businessman and protagonist of the story, and the old lady owning the Bed and Breakfast. This time the author does not go through the characters thoughts, however, it is obvious that Billy being seventeen years old is not mature enough and he is blindly guided by his misjudgements. She seemed terribly nice (The Landlady, 83). By making this first-sight judgement, he has prearranged his friendship with the old lady. Once that he trusts her, the old lady has to do something truly bad, for him to end up his confidence on her. As he says, briskness is the common characteristic of all successful businessmen, which probably makes him very vulnerable at the time of taking decisions. Though, they are quite different when the time of expressing the protagonists feelings comes, these two stories do appear quite alike in the aspect of their characters if looking at how they are used in each story. Both narrations have an evil person who tries to harm these protagonists without any apparent reason for doing so. Although two stories may look different at first sight, they surely have common aspects, which can be compared to find similitudes. In the case of The Whole Towns Sleeping and The Landlady, they are very similar stories that can be compared very easily. This occasion, the features contrasted were the setting, the plot and the main characters attitude of the short stories. Every time we were able to find at least one common point between the two stories to make them look alike, which means that they are quite similar. They both have a similar setting where the tale takes place, they have comparable plots with the same type of ending, and they have pretty related major characters, in the way they are chased by evil.

Typical developmental pathways of Speech Language and Communication Essay

Typical developmental pathways of Speech Language and Communication - Essay Example The developmental pathways of speech, communication, and language start from when the child is about three months to when he or she is about three years, that is thirty-six months. By this age, the child has developed the basic skills and can communicate and understand some words. During the development of these three skills, in case a certain developmental concern is observed, intervention is critical. This is because it is easier to resolve problems related to these skills at early ages, however if the concerns are left untreated, the child may suffer from language, and speech impairments that affect the childs ability to use language learned later. It also affects how they learn new things, and how they behave in their later childhood and adolescence The pathways to child development are in ten groups from when the child is three months to when he or she is thirty-six months. In the third month the child should be able to, maintain eye contact, coo, goo, and smile, and cry differently for different needs, for example, when tired or hungry.in the third to sixth month the child is able to smile and quiet when spoken to. From six to nine months, the child should begin bubbling, express feelings and vocalizes to gain attention, the child should also be able to turn the head in order to follow sound and notice toys. The third stage of typical developmental pathways falls from nine to twelve months, at this stage the child can consistently respond to the own name when called, looks at familiar people and objects when mentioned. At this stage, the child can also follow routine commands associated with gestures, from twelve to fifteen months the child imitates speech sounds and understands up to fifty words. From fifteen month to the twenty-fourth months, the child shows improved skills in speech language and communication. From the twenty-fourth month onwards the child

Financial Accounting Midterm Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Financial Accounting Midterm Project - Essay Example Meanwhile, managerial accounting reports are designed to serve specific needs of the management. They make use of both historical data and estimated data. While financial accounting reports have to be prepared according to the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), the same does not hold true with managerial accounting reports. (Warren, Reeve, etc., 1987, pp. 2-4) A job opening in the field of financial accounting at the Monster website states that "the Accounting Manager is responsible and accountable for the entire Company's Accounting Department." As such, he/she will manage and provide direction to the accounting department personnel as well as direct and lead all accounting functions to ensure that all accounting, financial and tax information are properly disseminated and reported. The job requirements include a bachelor's degree in Accounting, experience in cost accounting and the preparation of cash flow statements and skills in preparing tax returns and audit revie ws. (Monster 2010) Meanwhile, a job opening in the field of managerial accounting requires a Revenue Accounting Manager who will have the following main duty: "continuously work to understand the various revenue streams to ensure the highest levels of revenue recognition." (Monster 2010) Similarly, the job requirements include a bachelor's degree in Accounting. In contrast to the job opening for a financial accountant, however, this one requires "strong project management and planning skills" and an "analytical mind which is able to process information logically delivering value added analysis." These stuffs are definitely necessary in the domain of managerial accounting. 2. According to history, accounting was first established by Luca Pacioli - an Italian Renaissance mathematician, a close friend and tutor to Leonardo da Vince and a contemporary of Christopher Columbus. Pacioli described in his work entitled "Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportione et Proportionalite" a syste m that served to make sure that financial information were efficiently kept in accurate records. This basic system eventually became established as the way to note down all transactions of businesses. (Weygandt, Kieso, etc. 2009, pp. 5-6) 3. The following are the liquidity ratios of Microsoft Corporation (MSFT) and Apple Inc. (AAPL) for the year 2010: MSFT AAPL Current Ratio 2.5 1.8 Acid Test Ratio 2.2 1.6 These ratios show that both MSFT and AAPL have sufficient liquid resources to pay up their short-term liabilities. Of the two, MSFT is the company with the higher level of liquidity. The current ratios indicate that their current assets can well be utilized to fully settle their current liabilities. Meanwhile, the acid test ratios indicate that the two companies would be able to fully settle all their short-term liabilities by using only the most liquid of their assets - namely: cash, marketable securities and accounts receivable. 4. The following are the activity measures of Micr osoft Corporation (MSFT) and Apple Inc. (AAPL) for the year 2010: Asset Management Ratios MSFT AAPL Inventory Turnover (# of times) 19.2 63.9 Accounts Receivable Turnover 5.5 16.7 Fixed Assets Turnover 8.8 17.0 Total Assets Turnover 0.8 1.1 The above

Kentucky Fried Chicken Business Expansion Marketing Plan Case Study - 3

Kentucky Fried Chicken Business Expansion Marketing Plan - Case Study Example The research design will be based on a random sample and small community that has a KFC located nearby. The qualitative and quantitative research will define the overall trends on a global level, they will focus on a survey sample to identify why KFC is experiencing changes within the franchise. The benefit of this will provide KFC with a new marketing approach that will help to expand their services as a leading fast food restaurant. KFC, also known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, first opened its doors in 1930, beginning at the Great Depression. The first restaurant opened in Corbin, Kentucky, and was then known as Sanders Court and Cafà ©, named after the founder, Harland Sanders. By 1936, Sanders was named a Colonel for the cuisine and was able to expand his restaurant to include more recipes and a higher amount of traffic. By 1940, the original recipe, which is one of the secret ingredients of the chicken was introduced, which instantly led to the widespread popularity of the restaurant and the kitchen. In 1955, Sanders began to sell his recipe to other restaurants to pay off debts, which led to the opening of KFC in 1957. By 1960, KFC became a franchise and grew into a national commodity with some of the best-known chicken, which quickly grew into restaurants in Canada and in Europe. By 1982, KFC became a subsidiary of R.J. Reynolds Industries and was able to be a part of fast food chains known internationally, such as Taco Bell. The popularity of KFC continued to grow with several newer recipes, including â€Å"finger-lick in' good† chicken recipes and new options for low fat and healthy options for the different menu items (KFC, 2010). The changes in KFC and the building of this brand have allowed the corporation to become one of the most popular alternatives for those that enjoy chicken. This particular brand stands apart from others because of the ability to offer chicken as the main menu item.

Ethical Problems associated to Information Technology Essay Example for Free

Ethical Problems associated to Information Technology Essay Information technology has been continuously booming with new technological products that create a more diverse information environment. There have been dramatic changes associated with the IT, and these changes create ethical problems and upheavals that usually have something to do with ethics. True, there has been technological development in the arena—one that occurs â€Å"when either the technological paradigm is elaborated in terms of improved concepts, theories, and methods, or in instances of the paradigm are improved† (Moor, 2008, p. 27), such as in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, and safety. This creates an enormous social impact, and it has led to a technological revolution that considerably takes time and is difficult to predict. Information technology has gone over the introduction stage and the permeation stage. We are on the power stage wherein the technology is readily available, affecting people directly and indirectly. This creates an impact that is superbly enormous; yet, there are always the ethical problems that springs forth in the arena. Ethical problems that surround the self-identity, anonymity, and privacy of a person are always attached when it comes to IT. The technological revolution has a large-scale effect that transforms the society, while affecting the manner in which the society functions (Moor, 2008, p. 29). It is evident that open technological revolutions in open societies still need some enhancements, so that the ethical problems would be controlled and maximized. Main Body There are a number of important issues that surround the technological paradigm of IT, especially in relation to ethics. Some of these are in the form of self-identity, anonymity, as well as privacy. There are also other unethical issues (e. g. , cheating, hacking, wardriving) that are attached to the technological paradigm of IT. Ethical problems in self-identity The self-identity is being constructed according to how the individual interacts with the society and with himself or herself. In the social landscape of modernity, there are numerous major changes in the external social environment that affects the individual during this social transformation. In the age of the IT, people get to have the capacity to reconstruct the universe through the everyday realities and circumstances that take place in their specific worlds. It is a continuous state of affairs that largely creates the self-identity and the personal feelings attached to this paradigm. This new sense of identity are being formed with the intrusion of the IT in a person’s life, and people get to have personal relationship even with people who are unknown to them—people who suddenly pop out in their computer’s screens, with names that may or may not be factual. Personal relationships help form the self-identity, offering opportunities for self-expression and the self-renewal. According to Giddens (1991), The modern world is a ‘runaway world’: not only is the pace of social change much faster than in any prior system, so also is its scope, and the profoundness with which it affects pre-existing social practices and modes of behavior. (Giddens, 1991, p. 16) With this, it is apparent that the IT becomes an active component in the continuous transformation of a person’s identity, as it creates and affects the social practices and the modes of a person’s behavior. Thus, problems that affect the personal life of the individual could affect not only the self-identity, but the social practices and the environment as a whole. Ethical problems in terms of anonymity and privacy, for example, can lead to an identity that is blemished because of unethical conduct. Despite the fact that people always carry discursive interpretations of their behavior, this practical consciousness drives the person into creating or destroying the ontological security of human activity in a culture. As an effect, people tend to write comments anonymously while hiding their true identities. Ethical problems in anonymity According to the article that Richard Perez-Pena (2010) wrote entitled ‘News Sites Rethink Anonymous Online Comments’, it says that Internet users usually make use of the digital disguise, revealing their power and their sentiments without acknowledging their true identities to the viewers. This constitutes a sort of freedom for the digital users, and this is most typical in news sites, wherein the viewers are allowed to post comments without indicating their true identities, keeping their privacy in a world that is being presented in public. As indicated in the article, â€Å"Anyone could weigh in and remain anonymous† (Perez-Pena, 2010, p. 1), and this leads to the question on whether or not viewers of Internet sites should be allowed to remain anonymous when dictating their comments and suggestions. This is a very significant ethical problem associated to IT, since it has been ethically accepted that any type of idea or sentiment should be associated to the respectful person who has formed the idea. According to Arianna Huffington, founder of The Huffington Post, Anonymity is just the way things are done. It’s an accepted part of the Internet, but there’s no question that people hide behind anonymity to make vile or controversial comments. (Perez-Pena, 2010, p. 1) It has, therefore, been advised that viewers should indicate their factual names, especially when making a significant commentary about the society. They should use their real names, and this may be done by requiring people to register first before posting their commentaries. Ethical problems in privacy According to the article that Scott Rosenberg (2010) wrote entitled ‘Online Comments Need Moderation, Not Real Names’, there is also the statement that defines how newspaper website managers have been reacting in terms of anonymity and privacy keeping. As stated, â€Å"If only they could make people sign their real names, surely the atmosphere would improve† (Rosenberg, 2010, p. 1). Online conversation spaces make media outlets turn the common software on and then leave them as it is, as if the discussions would â€Å"magically take care of themselves† (Rosenberg, 2010, p. 1). The problem, however, is that the commenters should not be faceless and should carry identities that are open for the other viewers. This problem is in the identity system, with the Web having no identity system that would ethically reconnect the idea to the person who has declared it. As stated in the article, The Web has no identity system, and though the FBI can track you down if the provocation is dire enough, and if you get editors mad enough they can track you down, too, most media companies aren’t going to waste the time and money. (Rosenberg, 2010, p. 1) Ethical privacy problems can also be in the form of ‘hacking’ or â€Å"using unauthorized access to an information system† (Floridi, 2008, p. 43). This indulges privacy and confidentiality. Conclusion There are other ethical problems associated with the IT of the modern social world, such as using the new technology in order to cheat one’s taxes, or deviating the user from his or her true name or identity. It can also be in the form of wardriving wherein people try to connect wirelessly to other people’s networks (Moor, 2008, p. 33). All these unethical conducts can create an enormous social impact that leads to technological revolution that can contract IT in its power stage. With proper management, it can develop the IT into something that is more powerful and enormous, without the ethical problems that have large-scale effects on the society. It is evident, therefore, that open societies through the IT still need some enhancements, so that the ethical problems would be controlled and maximized. References Floridi, L. (2008). Information ethics: its nature and scope. In Eds. Jeroen van den Hoven and John Weckert’s Information technology and moral philosophy. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Giddens, A. (1991). Modernity and self-identity: self and society in the late modern age. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Moor, J. (2008). Why we need better ethics for emerging technologies. In Eds. Jeroen van den Hoven and John Weckert’s Information technology and moral philosophy. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Perez-Pena, R. (2010, April 11). News sites rethink anonymous online comments. Retrieved May 7, 2010, from The New York Times Company database: http://www. nytimes. com/2010/04/12/technology/12comments. html. Rosenberg, S. (2010, April 13). Online comments need moderation, not real names. Retrieved May 7, 2010, from Salon Media Group, Inc. database: http://www. salon. com/news/feature/2010/04/13/newspaper_online_comments_moderation_open2010.